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Most graphics cores also support 2D rendering in certain areas: things such as interface animations and image zooming are two good examples. The CPU will help out for certain calculations while rendering 3D models on screen (especially for games), but the main grunt will be done by the graphics chip. The Cortex processing cores are simply not designed to handle these sorts of tasks and in all operating systems the GPU will take over from the CPU to handle the rendering more efficiently. First and foremost the GPU is used entirely for all 3D rendering in games and applications. When it comes to the operating system things are a lot more complex. There is also the possibility that compatible tasks are offloaded to the GPU so the more power intensive CPU cores can clock themselves down. For the former, if the SoC doesn’t happen to have a dedicated media decoding chip then the GPU might be used to handle high-resolution videos. The use of the GPU depends on several factors: the structure of the system-on-a-chip and also the operating system used on the device. Finally, it saves manufacturing costs to produce one chip instead of two. Secondly, packaging the two units as one reduces the heat output of the device as it’s more localized and can save power through tightly integrating the two. First off you’ll discover that smartphones and tablets don’t have a huge amount of internal space to work with, and so having critical components packaged together allows the device’s mainboard to be small and the battery to be large. There is of course a reason as to why the two chips in a smartphone are so close. The two critical components of my desktop are actually physically quite far apart. For example in the desktop computer I’m using to write this article you would find the CPU attached to the motherboard, and the graphics processor (GPU) is attached to a separate mainboard which is then attached to the motherboard. This is completely different to a desktop or laptop computer, which usually uses a dual-chip solution. The GPU is the "2D/3D Graphics Processor" part of the Tegra 2 SoC above That said, if you manage to locate the SoC you are pretty much right as you would find it in there somewhere if you deconstructed the chip. The system-on-a-chip is quite a small chip that is used on the mainboard of a smartphone, and as the GPU is actually inside this chipset, to physically find the GPU while looking at the insides of a phone is near impossible. Along with said processing cores and other subsystems in the SoC you find the graphics processing unit, or GPU, in very close proximity to the processor.
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If you read the previous article detailing smartphone processors you would have discovered that the actual processing cores are just one part of the overall system-on-a-chip that forms the basis of all modern phones. Part 5: Connectivity & Sensors (coming soon)
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In today’s guide I’ll be looking at the second part of the smartphone SoC: the all-important and very powerful graphics processing unit (GPU). Over the next several days and weeks we’ll be posting up another part of the guide. Each section is intended to give you all the necessary information about the hardware, and even more for the tech enthusiasts out there, so expect them all to be lengthy and filled with details. This multi-part guide is intended to help you understand each and every one of the critical components in your smartphone and how they compare to other hardware on the market. There are at least 10 different CPUs inside smartphones, many different GPUs, a seemingly endless combination of display hardware and a huge variety of other bits and bobs. With such a huge range of smartphone hardware on the market today from vendors such as Samsung, HTC, Apple, Motorola, LG and more, it can be very confusing to keep up with what exactly is inside each of these devices. This is a complete re-post, which has solved these issues. Editors Note: This article was originally published earlier today but we were experiencing issues with it displaying correctly.